John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes (1883-1946), was one of the most influential economists of the 20th century. His ideas are the basis for the school of thought known as Keynesian economics.  Originally trained in mathematics, he built on and greatly refined earlier work on the causes of business cycles.  His ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments.

Notable works include: Indian Currency and Finance (1913); A Treatise on Money (1930); and probably his most important work, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936).